什么是副词？

在英语中，副词是修饰动词，形容词或其它副词的词汇，如now，then，today，tomorrow和carefully等。注意下面几个句子：

1. Mary smiled sweetly.
2. Those mangoes were very sweet.
3. She spoke quite loudly.

在例句1中，副词sweetly描述Mary是如何微笑的。它修饰的是动词smiled。在例句2中，副词very涉及的是与芒果甜度有关的事情。它修饰形容词sweet。在例句3中，副词quite描述的是he谈话的方式。它修饰副词loudly。

应注意，副词有时可以放在句子前面，专门修饰整个句子，而不是特定单词。

例句4：Unfortunately no one was present there。（等同于It was unfortunate that no one was present there。）

例句5：Probably I am mistaken。（等同于It is probable that I am mistaken。）

副词的类型

副词有不同类型，下面分别对它们举例说明：

— 时间副词：回答“when”这一问题的词汇。例如，today，yesterday，now，before，daily，already，since，ago和never等。

• I met him yesterday.
• His father died two years ago.
• I have seen him before.
• They have already come.
• We will have to start now.

— 频率副词：回答“how often”等问题。如often，always，once，never，again，seldom和frequently等。

• We seldom go out on Sundays.
• I have seen him only once.
• He called again this morning.
• We must always try to do our best.

— 地点副词：回答的是“where”等问题。例如：here，there，up，down，everywhere，out和in等。

• She sat down.
• He looked up.
• I searched for him everywhere.
• Come in.

— 方式副词：回答“how”或“以何种方式”等问题的词汇。这类副词几乎包含所有结尾为-ly的副词。例如：quickly，carefully，sweetly，clearly，bravely, beautifully，well和fast。

• The soldiers fought bravely.
• This essay is well written.
• she walked slowly.
• The baby slept soundly.